The Group of Twenty (G20) is an international forum comprising of 19 countries and the European Union. Despite ongoing criticism and apparent failings, G20 still plays a vital role in global economic governance.
G20 summits have been instrumental in addressing some of the most pressing economic challenges of the 21st century. The 2008 financial crisis presented a test case of G20’s relevance, and the forum rose to the occasion, fostering international coordination to address the crisis. G20’s swift response coupled with comprehensive financial regulations prevented a complete collapse of the global financial system.
Since then, G20 has continued to establish critical guidelines aimed at mitigating potential global economic risks and enhancing financial stability. The efforts also include initiating appropriate policy reforms that promote economic growth and increased transparency in the international financial system.
However, the G20 is not without its share of criticism. The primary concern is its exclusivity, implying that decisions affecting the global economy are being made by a select group of countries, excluding the majority of nations. Moreover, protestors often decry the lack of a binding agenda as decisions often come out as mere recommendations rather than obligatory mandates.
Such criticisms, while valid, do not downplay the G20’s significance in global governance. With member countries representing around 85% of global GDP, and over three-quarters of international trade, its effect cannot be underestimated.
Judging by previous summits, G20 has delivered several meaningful deliverables. For instance, the 2009 London Summit resulted in a combined fiscal stimulus of $5 trillion to revive global growth. Similarly, the 2010 Toronto Summit led to consensus on halving deficits by 2013 and stabilising debt-to-GDP ratios by 2016.
In conclusion, despite its flaws, the G20 continues to play an invaluable role in shaping the global economic architecture achieving notable milestones. The success of future summits lies in mending the existent flaws, enhancing inclusivity, and improving implementation of decisions to uphold the forum’s legacy as a coordinating body for global economic governance.
